From: The CIA'sTHE WORLD FACTBOOK 1995
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 Match 179   DB Rec# - 7,631  Dataset-WOFACT

Title         :Nigeria 
Text          : 
                                     Nigeria 
 
                                    Geography 
 
Location: 
    Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Benin and 
    Cameroon 
Map references: 
    Africa 
Area: 
  total area: 
    923,770 sq km 
  land area: 
    910,770 sq km 
  comparative area: 
    slightly more than twice the size of California 
Land boundaries: 
    total 4,047 km, Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km 
Coastline: 
    853 km 
Maritime claims: 
  continental shelf: 
    200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation 
  exclusive economic zone: 
    200 nm 
  territorial sea: 
    30 nm 
International disputes: 
    demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which led 
    to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaits ratification by 
    Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and 
    maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula has been 
    referred to the International Court of Justice 
Climate: 
    varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north 
Terrain: 
    southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in 
    southeast, plains in north 
Natural resources: 
    petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, natural 
    gas 
Land use: 
  arable land: 
    31% 
  permanent crops: 
    3% 
  meadows and pastures: 
    23% 


  forest and woodland: 
    15% 
  other: 
    28% 
Irrigated land: 
    8,650 sq km (1989 est.) 
Environment: 
  current issues: 
    soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification; recent droughts in 
    north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities 
  natural hazards: 
    periodic droughts 
 
                                    Geography 
  international agreements: 
    party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous 
    Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear 
    Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection 
 
                                     People 
 
Population: 
    101,232,251 (July 1995 est.) 
Age structure: 
  0-14 years: 
    45% (female 22,643,026; male 22,850,322) 
  15-64 years: 
    52% (female 25,842,286; male 26,978,906) 
  65 years and over: 
    3% (female 1,438,392; male 1,479,319) (July 1995 est.) 
Population growth rate: 
    3.16% (1995 est.) 
Birth rate: 
    43.26 births/1,000 population (1995 est.) 
Death rate: 
    12.01 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.) 
Net migration rate: 
    0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.) 
Infant mortality rate: 
    72.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.) 
Life expectancy at birth: 
  total population: 
    55.98 years 
  male: 
    54.69 years 
  female: 
    57.3 years (1995 est.) 
Total fertility rate: 
    6.31 children born/woman (1995 est.) 
Nationality: 
  noun: 
    Nigerian(s) 
  adjective: 
    Nigerian 
Ethnic divisions: 
  north: 
    Hausa and Fulani 
  southwest: 
    Yoruba 
  southeast: 


    Ibos 
    non-Africans 27,000 
  note: 
    Hausa and Fulani, Yoruba, and Ibos together make up 65% of population 
Religions: 
    Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10% 
Languages: 
    English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani 
Literacy: 
    age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) 
  total population: 
    51% 
  male: 
    62% 
  female: 
    40% 
Labor force: 
    42.844 million 
  by occupation: 
    agriculture 54%, industry, commerce, and services 19%, government 15% 
 
                                   Government 
 
Names: 
  conventional long form: 
    Federal Republic of Nigeria 
  conventional short form: 
    Nigeria 
Digraph: 
    NI 
Type: 
    military government since 31 December 1983; plans to institute a 
    constitutional conference to prepare for a new transition to civilian rule 
    after plans for a transition in 1993 were negated by General BABANGIDA 
Capital: 
    Abuja 
  note: 
    on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially moved from Lagos to Abuja; 
    many government offices remain in Lagos pending completion of facilities in 
    Abuja 
Administrative divisions: 
    30 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa 
    Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Enugu, Imo, 
    Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Ondo,
 
    Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe 
Independence: 
    1 October 1960 (from UK) 
National holiday: 
    Independence Day, 1 October (1960) 
Constitution: 
    1979 constitution still in force; plan for 1989 constitution to take effect 
    in 1993 was not implemented 
Legal system: 
    based on English common law, Islamic law, and tribal law 
Suffrage: 
    21 years of age; universal 
Executive branch: 
  chief of state and head of government: 
    Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council and Commander in Chief of Armed 


    Forces and Defense Minister Gen. Sani ABACHA (since 17 November 1993); 
    Vice-Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council Oladipo DIYA (since 17 
    November 1993) 
  cabinet: 
    Federal Executive Council 
Legislative branch: 
    bicameral National Assembly 
  Senate: 
    suspended after coup of 17 November 1993 
  House of Representatives: 
    suspended after coup of 17 November 1993 
Judicial branch: 
    Supreme Court, Federal Court of Appeal 
Political parties and leaders: 
  note: 
    two political party system suspended after the coup of 17 November 1993 
Member of: 
    ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, GATT, IAEA, 
    IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, 
    INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMIR, 
    UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNPROFOR, UNU, UPU, WCL, 
    WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO 
 
                                   Government 
Diplomatic representation in US: 
  chief of mission: 
    Ambassador Zubair Mahmud KAZAURE 
  chancery: 
    1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 
  telephone: 
    [1] (202) 986-8400 
  consulate(s) general: 
    New York 
US diplomatic representation: 
  chief of mission: 
    Ambassador Walter C. CARRINGTON 
  embassy: 
    2 Eleke Crescent, Lagos 
  mailing address: 
    P. O. Box 554, Lagos 
  telephone: 
    [234] (1) 261-0097 
  FAX: 
    [234] (1) 261-0257 
  branch office: 
    Abuja 
  consulate(s) general: 
    Kaduna 
Flag: 
    three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green 
 
                                     Economy 
 
Overview: 
    The oil-rich Nigerian economy continues to be hobbled by political 
    instability and poor macroeconomic management. Nigeria's unpopular military 
    rulers show no sign of wanting to restore democratic civilian rule in the 
    near future and appear divided on how to redress fundamental economic 
    imbalances that cause troublesome inflation and the steady depreciation of 
    the naira. The government's domestic and international arrears continue to 


    limit economic growth - even in the oil sector - and prevent an agreement 
    with the IMF and bilateral creditors on debt relief. The inefficient 
    (largely subsistence) agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid 
    population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must 
    import food. 
National product: 
    GDP - purchasing power parity - $122.6 billion (1994 est.) 
National product real growth rate: 
    -0.8% (1994 est.) 
National product per capita: 
    $1,250 (1994 est.) 
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 
    53% (1993 est.) 
Unemployment rate: 
    28% (1992 est.) 
Budget: 
  revenues: 
    $9 billion 
  expenditures: 
    $10.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.) 
Exports: 
    $11.9 billion (f.o.b., 1992) 
  commodities: 
    oil 95%, cocoa, rubber 
  partners: 
    US 54%, EC 23% 
Imports: 
    $8.3 billion (c.i.f., 1992) 
  commodities: 
    machinery and equipment, manufactured goods, food and animals 
  partners: 
    EC 64%, US 10%, Japan 7% 
External debt: 
    $29.5 billion (1992) 
Industrial production: 
    growth rate 7.7% (1991); accounts for 43% of GDP, including petroleum 
Electricity: 
  capacity: 
    4,570,000 kW 
  production: 
    11.3 billion kWh 
  consumption per capita: 
    109 kWh (1993) 
Industries: 
    crude oil and mining - coal, tin, columbite; primary processing industries -
 
    palm oil, peanut, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins; manufacturing 
    industries - textiles, cement, building materials, food products, footwear, 
    chemical, printing, ceramics, steel 
 
                                     Economy 
Agriculture: 
    accounts for 35% of GDP and half of labor force; cash crops - cocoa, 
    peanuts, palm oil, rubber; food crops - corn, rice, sorghum, millet, 
    cassava, yams; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forestry 
    resources extensively exploited 
Illicit drugs: 
    passenger and cargo air hub for West Africa; facilitates movement of heroin 
    en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North 
    America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America 


    intended for West European, East Asian, and North American markets 
Economic aid: 
  recipient: 
    US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $705 million; Western (non-US) 
    countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3 billion; 
    Communist countries (1970-89), $2.2 billion 
Currency: 
    1 naira (N) = 100 kobo 
Exchange rates: 
    naira (N) per US$1 - 21.996 (January 1995), 21.996 (1994), 22.065 (1993), 
    17.298 (1992), 9.909 (1991), 8.038 (1990) 
Fiscal year: 
    calendar year 
 
                                 Transportation 
 
Railroads: 
  total: 
    3,567 km 
  narrow gauge: 
    3,505 km 1.067-m gauge 
  standard gauge: 
    62 km 1.435-m gauge 
Highways: 
  total: 
    107,990 km 
  paved: 
    mostly bituminous-surface treatment 30,019 km 
  unpaved: 
    gravel, crushed stone, improved earth 25,411 km; unimproved earth 52,560 km 
Inland waterways: 
    8,575 km consisting of Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks 
Pipelines: 
    crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km 
Ports: 
    Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri 
Merchant marine: 
  total: 
    32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 404,064 GRT/661,850 DWT 
  ships by type: 
    bulk 1, cargo 14, chemical tanker 3, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 12, 
    roll-on/roll-off cargo 1 
Airports: 
  total: 
    80 
  with paved runways over 3,047 m: 
    6 
  with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 
    10 
  with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 
    10 
  with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 
    7 
  with paved runways under 914 m: 
    25 
  with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m: 
    1 
  with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 
    21 
 


                                 Communications 
 
Telephone system: 
    NA telephones; above-average system limited by poor maintenance; major 
    expansion in progress 
  local: 
    NA 
  intercity: 
    microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and 20 domestic satellite earth 
    stations carry intercity traffic 
  international: 
    3 INTELSAT earth stations (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 
    coaxial submarine cable carry international traffic 
Radio: 
  broadcast stations: 
    AM 35, FM 17, shortwave 0 
  radios: 
    NA 
Television: 
  broadcast stations: 
    28 
  televisions: 
    NA 
 
                                 Defense Forces 
 
Branches: 
    Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary Police Force 
Manpower availability: 
    males age 15-49 23,167,009; males fit for military service 13,246,223; males
 
    reach military age (18) annually 1,024,059 (1995 est.) 
Defense expenditures: 
    exchange rate conversion - $172 million, about 1% of GDP (1992) 

Index to 1995 World Factbook... UMSL Govt. Docs... UMSL Libraries... UMSL Home...

Cite:
The World Factbook IN National Trade Data Bank: The Export Connection (disk 2 of a 2 disk set), January, 1996, United States Department of Commerce (http://www.doc.gov/),Economics and Statistics Administration (http://www.doc.gov/resources/ESA_info.html), SuDoc No: C1.88:996/2/v.2

This publication is also available online from the CIA (http://www.odci.gov/cia) as 1995 World Factbook (http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/95fact/index.html).

The printed version of this item can be found under the title:
The World Factbook 1995,
SuDoc No: PREX 3.15:995



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