Match 212 DB Rec# - 7,664 Dataset-WOFACT
Title :Senegal
Text :
Senegal
Geography
Location:
Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau
and Mauritania
Map references:
Africa
Area:
total area:
196,190 sq km
land area:
192,000 sq km
comparative area:
slightly smaller than South Dakota
Land boundaries:
total 2,640 km, The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali
419 km, Mauritania 813 km
Coastline:
531 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
24 nm
continental shelf:
200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
short section of the boundary with The Gambia is indefinite; boundary with
Mauritania in dispute;
Climate:
tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (December to April) has strong southeast
winds; dry season (May to November) dominated by hot, dry harmattan wind
Terrain:
generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast
Natural resources:
fish, phosphates, iron ore
Land use:
arable land:
27%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
30%
forest and woodland:
31%
other:
12%
Irrigated land:
1,800 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing;
soil erosion; desertification; overfishing
natural hazards:
lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts
Geography
international agreements:
party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous
Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone
Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified -
Desertification, Marine Dumping
Note:
The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal
People
Population:
9,007,080 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:
45% (female 2,004,514; male 2,021,251)
15-64 years:
52% (female 2,398,609; male 2,301,236)
65 years and over:
3% (female 140,128; male 141,342) (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate:
3.12% (1995 est.)
Birth rate:
42.87 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Death rate:
11.64 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Net migration rate:
NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
73.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
57.16 years
male:
55.65 years
female:
58.71 years (1995 est.)
Total fertility rate:
6.03 children born/woman (1995 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Senegalese (singular and plural)
adjective:
Senegalese
Ethnic divisions:
Wolof 36%, Fulani 17%, Serer 17%, Toucouleur 9%, Diola 9%, Mandingo 9%,
European and Lebanese 1%, other 2%
Religions:
Muslim 92%, indigenous beliefs 6%, Christian 2% (mostly Roman Catholic)
Languages:
French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Diola, Mandingo
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1988)
total population:
27%
male:
37%
female:
18%
Labor force:
2.509 million (77% are engaged in subsistence farming; 175,000 wage earners)
by occupation:
private sector 40%, government and parapublic 60%
Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Republic of Senegal
conventional short form:
Senegal
local long form:
Republique du Senegal
local short form:
Senegal
Digraph:
SG
Type:
republic under multiparty democratic rule
Capital:
Dakar
Administrative divisions:
10 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack,
Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor
Independence:
20 August 1960 (from France; The Gambia and Senegal signed an agreement on
12 December 1981 that called for the creation of a loose confederation to be
known as Senegambia, but the agreement was dissolved on 30 September 1989)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 4 April (1960)
Constitution:
3 March 1963, revised 1991
Legal system:
based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in
Supreme Court, which also audits the government's accounting office; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
President Abdou DIOUF (since 1 January 1981); election last held 21 February
1993 (next to be held NA February 2000); results - Abdou DIOUF (PS) 58.4%,
Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 32.03%, other 9.57%
head of government:
Prime Minister Habib THIAM (since 7 April 1991)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; appointed by the prime minister in consultation with
the president
Legislative branch:
unicameral
National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale):
elections last held 9 May 1993 (next to be held NA May 1998); results - PS
70%, PDS 23%, other 7%; seats - (120 total) PS 84, PDS 27, LD-MPT 3, Let Us
Unite Senegal 3, PIT 2, UDS-R 1
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)
Political parties and leaders:
Socialist Party (PS), President Abdou DIOUF; Senegalese Democratic Party
(PDS), Abdoulaye WADE; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement (LD-MPT), Dr.
Abdoulaye BATHILY; Independent Labor Party (PIT), Amath DANSOKHO; Senegalese
Democratic Union-Renewal (UDS-R), Mamadou Puritain FALL; Let Us Unite
Senegal (coalition of African Party for Democracy and Socialism and National
Democratic Rally); other small uninfluential parties
Other political or pressure groups:
students; teachers; labor; Muslim Brotherhoods
Government
Member of:
ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, GATT, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO,
INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA,
UN, UNAMIR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIH, UNOMUR, UPU, WADB, WCL,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Mamadou Mansour SECK
chancery:
2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
[1] (202) 234-0540, 0541
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Mark JOHNSON
embassy:
Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Avenue Kleber, Dakar
mailing address:
B. P. 49, Dakar
telephone:
[221] 23 42 96, 23 34 24
FAX:
[221] 22 29 91
Flag:
three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a
small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular
pan-African colors of Ethiopia
Economy
Overview:
In 1994 Senegal embarked on its most concerted structural adjustment effort
yet to exploit the 50% devaluation of the currencies of the 14 Francophone
African nations on 12 January. After years of foot-dragging, the government
finally passed a liberalized labor code which should significantly help
lower the cost of labor and improve the manufacturing sector's
competitiveness. Inroads also have been made in closing tax loopholes and
eliminating monopoly power in several sectors. At the same time the
government is holding the line on current fiscal expenditure under the
watchful eyes of international organizations on which it depends for
substantial support. A bumper peanut crop - Senegal's main source of foreign
exchange - coincided with an improvement of international prices and
probably resulted in a doubling of earnings in 1994 over 1993. The country's
narrow resource base, environmental degradation, and untamed population
growth will continue to hold back growth in living standards over the medium
term.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power parity - $12.3 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
-2% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$1,450 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
-1.8% (1991 est.)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$1.2 billion
expenditures:
$1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $269 million (1992 est.)
Exports:
$904 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
commodities:
fish, ground nuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton
partners:
France, other EC countries, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali
Imports:
$1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1991 est.)
commodities:
foods and beverages, consumer goods, capital goods, petroleum
partners:
France, other EC countries, Nigeria, Cote d'Ivoire, Algeria, China, Japan
External debt:
$2.9 billion (1990)
Industrial production:
growth rate 1.9% (1991); accounts for 15% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
230,000 kW
production:
720 million kWh
consumption per capita:
79 kWh (1993)
Industries:
agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, petroleum refining,
building materials
Economy
Agriculture:
accounts for 20% of GDP; major products - peanuts (cash crop), millet, corn,
sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; estimated two-thirds
self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 354,000 metric tons in 1990
Illicit drugs:
transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to
Europe and North America
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $551 million; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $5.23 billion; OPEC
bilateral aid (1979-89), $589 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $295
million
Currency:
1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January
1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26
(1990)
note:
the official rate is pegged to the French franc, and beginning 12 January
1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50
at which it had been fixed since 1948
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Transportation
Railroads:
total:
905 km
narrow gauge:
905 km 1.000-meter gauge (70 km double track)
Highways:
total:
14,007 km
paved:
3,777 km
unpaved:
crushed stone, improved earth 10,230 km
Inland waterways:
897 km total; 785 km on the Senegal, 112 km on the Saloum
Ports:
Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard-Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor
Merchant marine:
total:
1 bulk ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,995 GRT/3,775 DWT
Airports:
24
with paved runways over 3,047 m:
1
with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:
9
with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:
1
with paved runways under 914 m:
2
with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m:
4
with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:
7
Communications
Telephone system:
NA telephones; above-average urban system
local:
NA
intercity:
microwave and cable
international:
3 submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station
Radio:
broadcast stations:
AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 0
radios:
NA
Television:
broadcast stations:
1
televisions:
NA
Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete
Nationale)
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 2,021,019; males fit for military service 1,054,855; males
reach military age (18) annually 96,589 (1995 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $134 million, 2.1% of GDP (1993)
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The printed version of this item can be found under the title:
The World Factbook 1995,
SuDoc No: PREX 3.15:995
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