Match 265 DB Rec# - 7,717 Dataset-WOFACT
Title :Zambia
Text :
Zambia
Geography
Location:
Southern Africa, east of Angola
Map references:
Africa
Area:
total area:
752,610 sq km
land area:
740,720 sq km
comparative area:
slightly larger than Texas
Land boundaries:
total 5,664 km, Angola 1,110 km, Malawi 837 km, Mozambique 419 km, Namibia
233 km, Tanzania 338 km, Zaire 1,930 km, Zimbabwe 797 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none; landlocked
International disputes:
quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement;
Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be
indefinite since it is reported that the indefinite section of the
Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled
Climate:
tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to April)
Terrain:
mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains
Natural resources:
copper, cobalt, zinc, lead, coal, emeralds, gold, silver, uranium,
hydropower potential
Land use:
arable land:
7%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
47%
forest and woodland:
27%
other:
19%
Irrigated land:
320 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
air pollution and resulting acid rain in the mineral extraction and refining
region; poaching seriously threatens rhinoceros and elephant populations;
deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; lack of adequate water
treatment presents human health risks
natural hazards:
tropical storms (November to April)
international agreements:
party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous
Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands;
signed, but not ratified - Desertification
Note:
landlocked
People
Population:
9,445,723 (July 1995 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:
50% (female 2,331,820; male 2,363,319)
15-64 years:
48% (female 2,332,798; male 2,193,363)
65 years and over:
2% (female 112,484; male 111,939) (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate:
2.7% (1995 est.)
Birth rate:
45.47 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Death rate:
18.42 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Net migration rate:
-0.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
86 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
42.88 years
male:
42.74 years
female:
43.03 years (1995 est.)
Total fertility rate:
6.62 children born/woman (1995 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Zambian(s)
adjective:
Zambian
Ethnic divisions:
African 98.7%, European 1.1%, other 0.2%
Religions:
Christian 50%-75%, Muslim and Hindu 24%-49%, indigenous beliefs 1%
Languages:
English (official)
note:
about 70 indigenous languages
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
73%
male:
81%
female:
65%
Labor force:
3.4 million
by occupation:
agriculture 85%, mining, manufacturing, and construction 6%, transport and
services 9%
Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Republic of Zambia
conventional short form:
Zambia
former:
Northern Rhodesia
Digraph:
ZA
Type:
republic
Capital:
Lusaka
Administrative divisions:
9 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Northern,
North-Western, Southern, Western
Independence:
24 October 1964 (from UK)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 24 October (1964)
Constitution:
2 August 1991
Legal system:
based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of
legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state and head of government:
President Frederick CHILUBA (since 31 October 1991); Vice President General
Godfrey MIYANDA (since NA August 1994; he replaced Levy MWANAWASA who was
elected 31 October 1991 and resigned in NA August 1994) election last held
31 October 1991 (next to be held NA 1996); results - Frederick CHILUBA 84%,
Kenneth KAUNDA 16%
cabinet:
Cabinet; appointed by the president from members of the National Assembly
Legislative branch:
unicameral
National Assembly:
elections last held 31 October 1991 (next to be held NA 1996); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (150 total) MMD 125, UNIP 25; note -
the MMD's majority was weakened by the defection of 13 of its parliamentary
members during 1993 and the defeat of its candidates in 4 of the resulting
by-elections
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD), Frederick CHILUBA; United National
Independence Party (UNIP), Kebby MUSOKATWANE; National Party (NP), Inonge
MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA;
Member of:
ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, FLS, G-19, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU,
ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU,
NAM, OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMOZ, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Dunstan Weston KAMANA
Government
chancery:
2419 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
[1] (202) 265-9717 through 9719
FAX:
[1] (202) 332-0826
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Roland K. KUCHEL
embassy:
corner of Independence Avenue and United Nations Avenue, Lusaka
mailing address:
P. O. Box 31617, Lusaka
telephone:
[260] (1) 228595, 228601, 228602, 228603
FAX:
[260] (1) 261538
Flag:
green with a panel of three vertical bands of red (hoist side), black, and
orange below a soaring orange eagle, on the outer edge of the flag
Economy
Overview:
Prior to 1993 the economy had been in decline for more than a decade with
falling imports and growing foreign debt. Economic difficulties stemmed
largely from a chronically depressed level of copper production and weak
copper prices, generally ineffective economic policies, and high inflation.
An annual population growth of 3% brought a decline in per capita GDP of 50%
over the decade. However, economic reforms enacted since 1992 have helped
reduce inflation, have begun to strengthen the social safety net, and have
been accompanied by GDP growth at an estimated 6.8% in 1993 and 4% in 1994.
The huge external debt remains a key problem.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power parity - $7.9 billion (1994 est.)
National product real growth rate:
4% (1994 est.)
National product per capita:
$860 (1994 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
89% (1994 est.)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$665 million
expenditures:
$767 million, including capital expenditures of $300 million (1991 est.)
Exports:
$1.01 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
copper, zinc, cobalt, lead, tobacco
partners:
EC countries, Japan, South Africa, US, India
Imports:
$1.13 billion (c.i.f., 1993 est.)
commodities:
machinery, transportation equipment, foodstuffs, fuels, manufactures
partners:
EC countries, Japan, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, US
External debt:
$7.3 billion (1993)
Industrial production:
growth rate -1% (1992); accounts for 42% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
2,440,000 kW
production:
7.8 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
650 kWh (1993)
Industries:
copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages,
chemicals, textiles, and fertilizer
Agriculture:
accounts for 12% of GDP and 85% of labor force; crops - corn (food staple),
sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava;
cattle, goats, beef, eggs
Illicit drugs:
increasingly a regional transshipment center for methaqualone and heroin
Economy
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $4.8 billion; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.8 billion; OPEC
bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $533
million
Currency:
1 Zambian kwacha (ZK) = 100 ngwee
Exchange rates:
Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1 - 672.8 (September 1994), 434.78 (1993), 156.25
(1992), 61.7284 (1991), 28.9855 (1990)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Transportation
Railroads:
total:
1,273 km
narrow gauge:
1,273 km 1.067-m gauge (13 km double track)
note:
not a part of Zambia Railways is the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority
(TAZARA), which operates 1,860 km of 1.067-m narrow gauge track between Dar
es Salaam and New Kapiri M'poshi where it connects to the Zambia Railways
system; 891 km of the TAZARA line transit Zambia
Highways:
total:
36,370 km
paved:
6,500 km
unpaved:
crushed stone, gravel, stabilized earth 7,000 km; improved, unimproved earth
22,870 km
Inland waterways:
2,250 km, including Zambezi and Luapula Rivers, Lake Tanganyika
Pipelines:
crude oil 1,724 km
Ports:
Mpulungu
Airports:
total:
113
with paved runways over 3,047 m:
1
with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:
4
with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:
4
with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:
4
with paved runways under 914 m:
39
with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m:
4
with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:
57
Communications
Telephone system:
NA telephones; facilities are among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa
local:
NA
intercity:
high capacity micrwave radio relay connects most larger towns and cities
international:
2 INTELSAT earth stations (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
Radio:
broadcast stations:
AM 11, FM 5, shortwave 0
radios:
NA
Television:
broadcast stations:
9
televisions:
NA
Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Air Force, Police
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 1,953,967; males fit for military service 1,028,113 (1995
est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $45 million, 1.4% of GDP (1994)
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The printed version of this item can be found under the title:
The World Factbook 1995,
SuDoc No: PREX 3.15:995
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