Introduction :: GRENADA
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Carib Indians inhabited Grenada when Christopher COLUMBUS discovered the island in 1498, but it remained uncolonized for more than a century. The French settled Grenada in the 17th century, established sugar estates, and imported large numbers of African slaves. Britain took the island in 1762 and vigorously expanded sugar production. In the 19th century, cacao eventually surpassed sugar as the main export crop; in the 20th century, nutmeg became the leading export. In 1967, Britain gave Grenada autonomy over its internal affairs. Full independence was attained in 1974 making Grenada one of the smallest independent countries in the Western Hemisphere. Grenada was seized by a Marxist military council on 19 October 1983. Six days later the island was invaded by US forces and those of six other Caribbean nations, which quickly captured the ringleaders and their hundreds of Cuban advisers. Free elections were reinstituted the following year and have continued since then.
Geography :: GRENADA
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Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
12 07 N, 61 40 W
Central America and the Caribbean
total: 344 sq km
land: 344 sq km
water: 0 sq km
country comparison to the world: 207
twice the size of Washington, DC
0 km
121 km
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
volcanic in origin with central mountains
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Saint Catherine 840 m
timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors
agricultural land: 32.3%
arable land 8.8%; permanent crops 20.6%; permanent pasture 2.9%
forest: 50%
other: 17.7% (2011 est.)
2.19 sq km (2003)
NA
lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November
NA
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada
People and Society :: GRENADA
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noun: Grenadian(s)
adjective: Grenadian
African descent 89.4%, mixed 8.2%, East Indian 1.6%, other 0.9% (includes indigenous) (2001 est.)
English (official), French patois
Roman Catholic 44.6%, Protestant 43.5% (includes Anglican 11.5%, Pentecostal 11.3%, Seventh Day Adventist 10.5%, Baptist 2.9%, Church of God 2.6%, Methodist 1.8%, Evangelical 1.6%, other 1.3%), Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, Rastafarian 1.1%, other 6.2%, none 3.6%
110,694 (July 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 191
0-14 years: 24.35% (male 13,958/female 12,998)
15-24 years: 16.02% (male 8,830/female 8,906)
25-54 years: 40.35% (male 22,891/female 21,771)
55-64 years: 9.65% (male 5,482/female 5,204)
65 years and over: 9.62% (male 4,888/female 5,766) (2015 est.)
population pyramid:
total dependency ratio: 50.7%
youth dependency ratio: 39.9%
elderly dependency ratio: 10.8%
potential support ratio: 9.3% (2015 est.)
total: 30.4 years
male: 30.4 years
female: 30.4 years (2015 est.)
0.48% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
16.03 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
8.08 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
-3.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 182
urban population: 35.6% of total population (2015)
rate of urbanization: 0.33% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
SAINT GEORGE'S (capital) 38,000 (2014)
at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
27 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
total: 10.21 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.59 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 10.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
total population: 74.05 years
male: 71.47 years
female: 76.88 years (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
2.06 children born/woman (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 112
6.3% of GDP (2013)
country comparison to the world: 97
0.66 physicians/1,000 population (2006)
3.5 beds/1,000 population (2012)
improved:
urban: 99% of population
rural: 95.3% of population
total: 96.6% of population
unimproved:
urban: 1% of population
rural: 4.7% of population
total: 3.4% of population (2015 est.)
improved:
urban: 97.5% of population
rural: 98.3% of population
total: 98% of population
unimproved:
urban: 2.5% of population
rural: 1.7% of population
total: 2% of population (2015 est.)
NA
NA
NA
24.6% (2014)
country comparison to the world: 78
total: 16 years
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2009)
Government :: GRENADA
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Grenada
etymology: probably named for the Spanish city of Granada; in Spanish "granada" means "pomegranate"
parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
name: Saint George's
geographic coordinates: 12 03 N, 61 45 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petite Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick
7 February 1974 (from the UK)
Independence Day, 7 February (1974)
previous 1967; latest presented 19 December 1973, came into operation 7 February 1974, suspended 1979 following a revolution, but restored in 1983; amended 1991 (Constitutional Judicature Act, 1991); note - in early 2014, the prime minister launched a constitutional reform committee but progress toward actual constitutional reform has stalled (2015)
common law based on English model
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years for persons from a non-Caribbean state and 4 years for a person from a Caribbean state
18 years of age; universal
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Cecile LA GRENADE (since 7 May 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Keith MITCHELL (since 20 February 2013)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
description: bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (13 seats; members appointed by the governor general - 10 on the advice of the prime minister and 3 on the advice of the opposition party leader; members serve 5-year terms) and the House of Representatives (15 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)
elections: last held on 19 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018)
election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NNP 59%, NDC 41%; seats by party - NNP 15
highest court(s): Supreme Court of Grenada (consists of the High Court with 3 justices and a 2-tier Court of Appeal with NA justices); note - the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the itinerant superior court of record for the 9-member Organization of Eastern Caribbean States to include Grenada; the ECSC - with its headquarters on St. Lucia - is headed by the chief justice and is comprised of the Court of Appeal with 3 justices and the High Court with 16 judges; sittings of the Court of Appeal and High Court rotate among the member states
judge selection and term of office: justice selection and tenure NA
subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; Court of Magisterial Appeals
Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Wilfred HAYES]
National Democratic Congress or NDC [Tillman THOMAS]
New National Party or NNP [Keith MITCHELL]
Committee for Human Rights in Grenada or CHRG
New Jewel Movement Support Group
The British Grenada Friendship Society
The New Jewel 19 Committee
ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, ITUC, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO
chief of mission: Ambassador Ethelstan A. FRIDAY (since 3 September 2013)
chancery: 1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 265-2561
FAX: [1] (202) 265-2468
consulate(s) general: Miami
consulate(s): Chicago, Detroit (MI), New York
chief of mission: the US does not have an embassy in Grenada; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Grenada
embassy: Lance-aux-Epines Stretch, Saint George's
mailing address: P. O. Box 54, Saint George's
telephone: [1] (473) 444-1173 through 1176
FAX: [1] (473) 444-4820
a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side), with a red border around the flag; there are seven yellow, five-pointed stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars stand for the seven administrative divisions, with the central star denoting the capital, St. George; yellow represents the sun and the warmth of the people, green stands for vegetation and agriculture, and red symbolizes harmony, unity, and courage
Grenada dove, Bougainvillea flower; national colors: red, yellow, green
name: "Hail Grenada"
lyrics/music: Irva Merle BAPTISTE/Louis Arnold MASANTO
note: adopted 1974
Economy :: GRENADA
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Grenada relies on tourism as its main source of foreign exchange especially since the construction of an international airport in 1985. Hurricanes Ivan (2004) and Emily (2005) severely damaged the agricultural sector - particularly nutmeg and cocoa cultivation - which had been a key driver of economic growth. Grenada has rebounded from the devastating effects of the hurricanes but is now saddled with the debt burden from the rebuilding process. Public debt-to-GDP is about 110%, leaving the MITCHELL administration limited room to engage in public investments and social spending. MITCHELL in 2013 announced a structural adjustment program that includes a plan to increase tax revenue. Strong performances in construction and manufacturing, together with the development of tourism and higher education - especially in medicine - have contributed to growth in national output; however, economic growth remained stagnant in 2010-14 after a sizable contraction in 2009, because of the global economic slowdown's effects on tourism and remittances. Gross national saving – and wealth – has been declining since 2010.
$1.326 billion (2014 est.)
$1.254 billion (2013 est.)
$1.226 billion (2012 est.)
note: data are in 2014 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 199
$912 million (2014 est.)
5.7% (2014 est.)
2.3% (2013 est.)
-1.2% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 43
$12,500 (2014 est.)
$11,800 (2013 est.)
$11,500 (2012 est.)
note: data are in 2014 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 120
1.4% of GDP (2014 est.)
-3.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
-4.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
household consumption: 94.3%
government consumption: 15.5%
investment in fixed capital: 16.3%
investment in inventories: 0%
exports of goods and services: 20.2%
imports of goods and services: -46.3%
(2014 est.)
agriculture: 6%
industry: 14.7%
services: 79.3% (2014 est.)
bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, citrus, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, vegetables
food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction
-2% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 181
59,900 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
agriculture: 11%
industry: 20%
services: 69% (2008 est.)
33.5% (2013)
25% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 191
38% (2008 est.)
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
revenues: $173.3 million
expenditures: $208.6 million (2012 est.)
20.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
-4.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
110% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
calendar year
-0.8% (2014 est.)
0% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
6.5% (31 December 2009)
6.5% (31 December 2008)
country comparison to the world: 55
9.19% (31 December 2014 est.)
9.27% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
$172.8 million (31 December 2014 est.)
$141.1 million (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
$747.4 million (31 December 2014 est.)
$718 million (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
$623.8 million (31 December 2014 est.)
$668.7 million (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 165
$NA
-$142 million (2014 est.)
-$196 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
$42.2 million (2014 est.)
$46.5 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 203
nutmeg, bananas, cocoa, fruit and vegetables, clothing, mace
Nigeria 45%, St. Lucia 11.2%, Antigua and Barbuda 7.6%, St. Kitts and Nevis 6.8%, Dominica 6.8%, US 6.7% (2014)
$306.6 million (2014 est.)
$324.2 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 199
food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel
Trinidad and Tobago 48.6%, US 15.8% (2014)
$679 million (2013 est.)
$538 million (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 173
East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2014 est.)
2.7 (2013 est.)
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
Energy :: GRENADA
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193 million kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 186
178 million kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 190
0 kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 144
0 kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
48,700 kW (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 187
98.6% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100
0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
1.4% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 197
0 bbl (1 January 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
2,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 187
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 181
2,012 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 182
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 194
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 148
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 106
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 143
431,300 Mt (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 185
Communications :: GRENADA
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total subscriptions: 28,600
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 26 (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
total: 134,500
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 122 (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 186
general assessment: automatic, island-wide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links
international: country code - 1-473; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad (2009)
the Grenada Broadcasting Network, jointly owned by the government and the Caribbean Communications Network of Trinidad and Tobago, operates a TV station and 2 radio stations; multi-channel cable TV subscription service is available; a dozen private radio stations also broadcast (2007)
AM 2, FM 12, shortwave 0 (2009)
2 (2009)
.gd
total: 49,600
percent of population: 45.1% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
Transportation :: GRENADA
-
3 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 195
total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2013)
total: 1,127 km
paved: 687 km
unpaved: 440 km (2001)
country comparison to the world: 184
major seaport(s): Saint George's
Military :: GRENADA
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no regular military forces; Royal Grenada Police Force (includes Coast Guard) (2010)
males age 16-49: 27,468 (2010 est.)
males age 16-49: 22,596
females age 16-49: 22,588 (2010 est.)
male: 995
female: 1,002 (2010 est.)
Transnational Issues :: GRENADA
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none
small-scale cannabis cultivation; lesser transshipment point for marijuana and cocaine to US
Central Intelligence Agency
