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Central America and Caribbean :: Barbados
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The island was uninhabited when first settled by the British in 1627. African slaves worked the sugar plantations established on the island until 1834 when slavery was abolished. The economy remained heavily dependent on sugar, rum, and molasses production through most of the 20th century. The gradual introduction of social and political reforms in the 1940s and 1950s led to complete independence from the UK in 1966. In the 1990s, tourism and manufacturing surpassed the sugar industry in economic importance.
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Caribbean, island in the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
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13 10 N, 59 32 W
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Area:
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total: 430 sq km
country comparison to the world: 202
land:
430 sq km
water:
0 sq km
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2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
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0 km
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97 km
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territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
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tropical; rainy season (June to October)
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relatively flat; rises gently to central highland region
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lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Hillaby 336 m
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petroleum, fish, natural gas
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arable land: 27.91%
permanent crops:
2.33%
other:
69.77% (2011)
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54.35 sq km (2003)
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0.08 cu km (2011)
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total: 0.1 cu km/yr (20%/26%/54%)
per capita:
371.3 cu m/yr (2009)
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infrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides
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pollution of coastal waters from waste disposal by ships; soil erosion; illegal solid waste disposal threatens contamination of aquifers
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
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easternmost Caribbean island
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noun: Barbadian(s) or Bajan (colloquial)
adjective:
Barbadian or Bajan (colloquial)
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black 93%, white 3.2%, mixed 2.6%, East Indian 1%, other 0.2% (2000 census)
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English
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Protestant 63.4% (Anglican 28.3%, Pentecostal 18.7%, Methodist 5.1%, other 11.3%), Roman Catholic 4.2%, other Christian 7%, other 4.8%, none or unspecified 20.6% (2008 est.)
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288,725 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
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0-14 years: 18.6% (male 26,849/female 26,853)
15-24 years:
13.8% (male 19,937/female 19,852)
25-54 years:
45.4% (male 65,153/female 65,902)
55-64 years:
12% (male 16,102/female 18,550)
65 years and over:
10.2% (male 11,642/female 17,885) (2013 est.)
population pyramid:
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total: 37.3 years
male:
36.2 years
female:
38.4 years (2013 est.)
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0.34% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
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12.1 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 165
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8.4 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
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-0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
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urban population: 44% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization:
1.7% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
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BRIDGETOWN (capital) 122,000 (2011)
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at birth: 1.01 male(s)/female
0-14 years:
1 male(s)/female
15-24 years:
1.01 male(s)/female
25-54 years:
0.99 male(s)/female
55-64 years:
0.86 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.65 male(s)/female
total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
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51 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 107
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total: 11.13 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 135
male:
12.49 deaths/1,000 live births
female:
9.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
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total population: 74.75 years
country comparison to the world: 104
male:
72.47 years
female:
77.05 years (2013 est.)
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1.68 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 172
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8% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 61
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1.81 physicians/1,000 population (2005)
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6.8 beds/1,000 population (2009)
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improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population (2010 est.)
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improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population (2010 est.)
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1.4% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 37
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2,100 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
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fewer than 100 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
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34.7% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 14
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7.5% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 18
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definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population:
99.7%
male:
99.7%
female:
99.7% (2002 est.)
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total: 17 years
male:
15 years
female:
18 years (2011)
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total: 26.2%
country comparison to the world: 35
male:
24.1%
female:
28.7% (2003)
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form:
Barbados
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parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
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name: Bridgetown
geographic coordinates:
13 06 N, 59 37 W
time difference:
UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
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11 parishes and 1 city*; Bridgetown*, Christ Church, Saint Andrew, Saint George, Saint James, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Lucy, Saint Michael, Saint Peter, Saint Philip, Saint Thomas
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30 November 1966 (from the UK)
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Independence Day, 30 November (1966)
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30 November 1966
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English common law; no judicial review of legislative acts
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accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
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18 years of age; universal
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chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Elliot BELGRAVE (since 1 June 2012)
head of government:
Prime Minister Freundel STUART (since 23 October 2010)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
(For more information visit the World Leaders website  )
elections:
the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister
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bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (21 seats; members appointed by the governor general - 12 on the advice of the Prime Minister, 2 on the advice of the opposition leader, and 7 at his discretion) and the House of Assembly (30 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections:
House of Assembly - last held on 21 February 2013 (next to be called in 2018)
election results:
House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - DLP 51.3%, BLP 48.3%, other .4%; seats by party - DLP 16, BLP 14
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highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the High Court with 8 justices) and the Court of Appeal (consists of the chief Justice and president of the court and 4 justices
note - Barbados, a member of the Caribbean Court of Justice, replaced the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) as the final court of appeal
judge selection and term of office:
Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the prime minister and opposition leader of Parliament; other justices appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, a 5-member independent body consisting of the Supreme Court chief justice, the commission head, and governor-general appointees recommended by the prime minister; justices serve until mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts:
Magistrates' Courts
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Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Owen ARTHUR]
Democratic Labor Party or DLP [Freundel STUART]
People's Empowerment Party or PEP [David COMISSIONG]
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Barbados Secondary Teachers' Union or BSTU [Mary REDMAN]
Barbados Union of Teachers or BUT [Karen BEST]
Congress of Trade Unions and Staff Associations of Barbados or CTUSAB, (includes the BWU, NUPW, BUT, and BSTU) [Leroy TROTMAN]
Barbados Workers Union or BWU [Linda BROOKS]
Clement Payne Labor Union [David COMISSIONG]
National Union of Public Workers [Walter MALONEY]
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ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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chief of mission: Ambassador John BEALE
chancery:
2144 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
[1] (202) 939-9200
FAX:
[1] (202) 332-7467
consulate(s) general:
Miami, New York
consulate(s):
Los Angeles
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chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d' Affaires Christopher SANDROLINI
embassy:
U.S. Embassy, Wildey Business Park, Wildey, St. Michael BB 14006
mailing address:
P. O. Box 302, Bridgetown BB 11000; (Department Name) Unit 3120, DPO AA 34055
telephone:
[1] (246) 227-4000
FAX:
[1] (246) 431-0179
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three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold, and blue with the head of a black trident centered on the gold band; the band colors represent the blue of the sea and sky and the gold of the beaches; the trident head represents independence and a break with the past (the colonial coat of arms contained a complete trident)
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Neptune's trident
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name: "The National Anthem of Barbados"
lyrics/music:
Irving BURGIE/C. Van Roland EDWARDS
note:
adopted 1966; the anthem is also known as "In Plenty and In Time of Need"
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Barbados is the wealthiest and most developed country in the Eastern Caribbean and enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in Latin America. Historically, the Barbadian economy was dependent on sugarcane cultivation and related activities. However, in recent years the economy has diversified into light industry and tourism with about four-fifths of GDP and of exports being attributed to services. Offshore finance and information services are important foreign exchange earners and thrive from having the same time zone as eastern US financial centers and a relatively highly educated workforce. Barbados' tourism, financial services, and construction industries have been hard hit since the onset of the global economic crisis in 2008, which caused the economy to contract 4% in 2009 and grow below 1% annually since 2010. Barbados' public debt-to-GDP ratio rose from 56% in 2008 to 83% in 2012.
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$7.169 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 160
$7.169 billion (2011 est.)
$7.128 billion (2010 est.)
note:
data are in 2012 US dollars
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$4.49 billion (2012 est.)
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0% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
0.6% (2011 est.)
0.2% (2010 est.)
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$25,800 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
$25,900 (2011 est.)
$25,800 (2010 est.)
note:
data are in 2012 US dollars
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agriculture: 3.1%
industry:
13.9%
services:
83% (2012 est.)
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137,500 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
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agriculture: 10%
industry:
15%
services:
75% (1996 est.)
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11.6% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
10.8% (2010 est.)
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NA%
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%:
NA%
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revenues: $1.194 billion (2012 est.)
expenditures:
$1.513 billion (2012 est.)
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26.6% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
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-7.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
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82.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27
80.1% of GDP (2011 est.)
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4.8% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
9.4% (2011 est.)
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7% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
7% (31 December 2009 est.)
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8.5% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
8.7% (31 December 2011 est.)
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$1.84 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 128
$1.8 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
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$5.711 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
$5.239 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
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$5.236 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
$5.068 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
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$4.571 billion (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 85
$4.366 billion (31 December 2010)
$4.39 billion (31 December 2009)
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sugarcane, vegetables, cotton
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tourism, sugar, light manufacturing, component assembly for export
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NA%
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-$344.9 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87
-$358.5 million (2011 est.)
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$1.039 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
$948.3 million (2011 est.)
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manufactures, sugar and molasses, rum, other foods and beverages, chemicals, electrical components
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Trinidad and Tobago 21.3%, US 11%, St. Lucia 9.9%, St. Vincent and the Grenadines 6.1%, Antigua and Barbuda 5%, St. Kitts and Nevis 4.7%, Jamaica 4.5%, UK 4.1%, Colombia 4% (2012)
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$1.584 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
$1.728 billion (2011 est.)
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consumer goods, machinery, foodstuffs, construction materials, chemicals, fuel, electrical components
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Trinidad and Tobago 37.9%, US 25.7%, China 5.4% (2012)
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$773.1 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 143
$812.6 million (31 December 2011 est.)
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$4.49 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
$668 million (2003 est.)
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Barbadian dollars (BBD) per US dollar -
2 (2012 est.)
2 (2011 est.)
2 (2010 est.)
note:
the Barbadian dollar is pegged to the US dollar
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1 April - 31 March
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1.037 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
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955 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
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0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 160
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0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
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239,100 kW (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
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100% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
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0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 45
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0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
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0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 108
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1,000 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
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0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 78
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0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
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2.26 million bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
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0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
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8,339 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
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0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 151
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7,686 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138
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29.17 million cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
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29.17 million cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 112
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0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 59
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0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
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113.3 million cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 103
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1.57 million Mt (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
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140,700 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 137
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347,900 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 171
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general assessment: island-wide automatic telephone system
domestic:
fixed-line teledensity of roughly 50 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone density approaching 125 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 1-246; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; satellite earth stations - 1 (Intelsat - Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Trinidad and Saint Lucia (2009)
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government-owned Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) operates the lone terrestrial TV station; CBC also operates a multi-channel cable TV subscription service; roughly a dozen radio stations, consisting of a CBC-operated network operating alongside privately owned radio stations (2007)
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.bb
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1,524 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 167
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188,000 (2008)
country comparison to the world: 143
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1 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 236
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total: 1
over 3,047 m:
1 (2012)
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gas 33 km; oil 64 km; refined products 6 km (2013)
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total: 1,600 km
country comparison to the world: 176
paved:
1,600 km (2004)
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total: 109
country comparison to the world: 49
by type:
bulk carrier 23, cargo 52, chemical tanker 13, container 6, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 8, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned:
83 (Canada 11, Greece 14, Iran 5, Lebanon 2, Norway 38, Sweden 4, Syria 1, Turkey 1, UAE 1, UK 6) (2010)
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Bridgetown
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Royal Barbados Defense Force: Troops Command, Barbados Coast Guard (2011)
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18 years of age for voluntary military service, or earlier with parental consent; no conscription (2013)
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males age 16-49: 73,820
females age 16-49:
73,835 (2010 est.)
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males age 16-49: 58,125
females age 16-49:
58,016 (2010 est.)
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male: 1,842
female:
1,849 (2010 est.)
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0.8% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 150
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the Royal Barbados Defense Force includes a land-based Troop Command and a small Coast Guard; the primary role of the land element is island defense against external aggression; the Command consists of a single, part-time battalion with a small regular cadre deployed throughout the island; the cadre increasingly supports the police in patrolling the coastline for smuggling and other illicit activities (2007)
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Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago abide by the April 2006 Permanent Court of Arbitration decision delimiting a maritime boundary and limiting catches of flying fish in Trinidad and Tobago's exclusive economic zone; joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its Economic Exclusion Zone/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea
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one of many Caribbean transshipment points for narcotics bound for Europe and the US; offshore financial center
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